News Values
1) Come up with a news story from the last 12 months for each of the categories suggested by Harriss, Leiter and Johnson:
- Conflict- Syrian war. The rebels fighting the government Assad. This is an on going fight where the country itself is the battlefield over changes in the government system. Rebels are trying to over-throw Assad so that they can implement their values and ideologies in to the government system.
- Progress- the on-going process of Brexit is still being dealt with, by the prime minister as well as Parliament. It is a progress as, both audiences and the government head themselves need to know where about they currently stand in terms of the process of officially leaving the EU after the Referendum vote.
- Disaster- The unfortunate earth quake in Italy where less than 300 people have been said to have been killed during this disastrous event. This has been known to be one of the most disastrous earthquakes in the 21st century.
- Consequence- Sam Allardyce a former England manager has been sacked due to price fixing of players and 'rigging' the system to purchase players at cheap price. This scheme has resulted in his sack which is a big consequence for going against a prestigious title like the England manager. He has been fired from the job and has been stripped off of his titles.
- Prominence- The US election thus far has shows significant importance across all news channels and is bringing forth more information and details regarding this event.
- Novelty- Facebook needs an editor story. This is a rather unique story showing the need for an editor and that technology cannot always be reliant for news and information as shown with this recent Facebook topic.
2) What example news story does the Factsheet use to illustrate Galtung and Ruge's News Values? Why is it an appropriate example of a news story likely to gain prominent coverage?
The core story that the factsheet illustrates is the death of the British soldier against the conflict arisen in Afghanistan. Considering the majority of the new papers being from the UK, they tend to report news that is local, or in association with the country. Furthermore, it was the first death of a 'female' officer to have been killed and therefore, the news believed it to have been a more heartfelt and shocking story as this even doesn't occur often.
3) What is gatekeeping?
Gatekeeping is basically an editor or someone behind the news corporation who simply selects news and information they deem 'important' or 'more significant' for the audience. They don't tend to show the full picture and what they do pass through, is one source out of many which they have selected to go on to their site or newspaper. It is essentially preventing all content from being published and only a handful can be selected and mediated.
4) What are the six ways bias can be created in news?
and published?
These media outlets allow the audience/people gain access and freedom over news they want to here from, that may have been mediated for censored prior. This is because news used to be the dominant factor over its audience, whatever they produces their audience consumed. However, the digital ages has allowed news that was censored to give that freedom t the audience who deem it important compared to mediated version. In other words, it gives the audience the true perspective of the story rather than being edited and been shown a specific angle.
6) Give an example of a news story from the last 12 months that was reported as a result of online technology - Twitter, Wikileaks or similar.
There was a video that was captured using Facebook's latest feature 'Facebook live' which allowed a black woman to record her husband being shot in a car by a police officer. She captured the entire scene and it was used as evidence in court. This was a coverage that wouldn't have been world news as it would have likely to have been sealed in American doors and the whole world would have forgotten about police brutality.
7) What does this reveal about how Sky views Twitter as a news source?
8) What does it say about how news is being produced?
This effect in tern has changed the role of journalists. In the 21st century we (the audience) are now experiencing a range of citizen journalism being reported to news. Citizens who report the news are effectively replacing the journalists in the news industry as the news is being solved before someone has to go out and solve it themselves.
10) Why might this be a problem for journalistic standards?
Quality. It is said that citizen journalism brings with it a lot of pros to the industry and to news in general. However, it seems to have brought along many cons, many of which is the loss of quality for news. Previously, news was very top quality report, file checks and numerous hours of source checking to ensure that all data is accurate for the audiences to consume. However this 'new' story telling has lost that quality, shaky footage and screaming really draws the attention away from news as it is not what news is.
Final tasks
8) In your opinion, how has new and digital media technology changed Galtung and Ruge’s news values?
The introduction of the digital age upon news industries is something that has effected the news values to a great extent. The way in which audiences receive these stories effects every one of the factors that contribute to news story-telling. Things like, immediacy has become irrelevant (to a somewhat large extent). This is because as soon as news is broken by a citizen, social media and the WWW all con tribute to help deliver this piece to as many audiences as possible and it generally comes across really fast. Audiences don't have to look for news, news will be given to them like that.
9) How would you update them for 2016? Choose SIX of Galtung and Ruge's news values and say how each one has been affected by the growth of new and digital technology.
The core story that the factsheet illustrates is the death of the British soldier against the conflict arisen in Afghanistan. Considering the majority of the new papers being from the UK, they tend to report news that is local, or in association with the country. Furthermore, it was the first death of a 'female' officer to have been killed and therefore, the news believed it to have been a more heartfelt and shocking story as this even doesn't occur often.
3) What is gatekeeping?
Gatekeeping is basically an editor or someone behind the news corporation who simply selects news and information they deem 'important' or 'more significant' for the audience. They don't tend to show the full picture and what they do pass through, is one source out of many which they have selected to go on to their site or newspaper. It is essentially preventing all content from being published and only a handful can be selected and mediated.
4) What are the six ways bias can be created in news?
- Section/mediation
- Placement of content
- Media uses/photos videos
- Headline (what run's the story/defines it)
- Titles
- Wording (that editors use instead of another)
and published?
These media outlets allow the audience/people gain access and freedom over news they want to here from, that may have been mediated for censored prior. This is because news used to be the dominant factor over its audience, whatever they produces their audience consumed. However, the digital ages has allowed news that was censored to give that freedom t the audience who deem it important compared to mediated version. In other words, it gives the audience the true perspective of the story rather than being edited and been shown a specific angle.
6) Give an example of a news story from the last 12 months that was reported as a result of online technology - Twitter, Wikileaks or similar.
There was a video that was captured using Facebook's latest feature 'Facebook live' which allowed a black woman to record her husband being shot in a car by a police officer. She captured the entire scene and it was used as evidence in court. This was a coverage that wouldn't have been world news as it would have likely to have been sealed in American doors and the whole world would have forgotten about police brutality.
7) What does this reveal about how Sky views Twitter as a news source?
It shows how dominant the social media platforms are on the audience. If news were to ever break, we (the audience) view it on a social media site like Twitter as that is the most convenient and efficient way of receiving news than compared to Sky as they have to spend hours of filing and checking their facts before publishing their articles, and audience acknowledge that.
8) What does it say about how news is being produced?
This effect in tern has changed the role of journalists. In the 21st century we (the audience) are now experiencing a range of citizen journalism being reported to news. Citizens who report the news are effectively replacing the journalists in the news industry as the news is being solved before someone has to go out and solve it themselves.
9) What role does the audience have in this process?
The audience have gained a more significant role ever since the digital age rose. It has given the audience the most power, and the institutions have lower power. There is a power reversal where it is no longer the audience being passive and consuming the news, but institutions are the ones consuming the audiences news and reporting it.
10) Why might this be a problem for journalistic standards?
Quality. It is said that citizen journalism brings with it a lot of pros to the industry and to news in general. However, it seems to have brought along many cons, many of which is the loss of quality for news. Previously, news was very top quality report, file checks and numerous hours of source checking to ensure that all data is accurate for the audiences to consume. However this 'new' story telling has lost that quality, shaky footage and screaming really draws the attention away from news as it is not what news is.
Final tasks
8) In your opinion, how has new and digital media technology changed Galtung and Ruge’s news values?
The introduction of the digital age upon news industries is something that has effected the news values to a great extent. The way in which audiences receive these stories effects every one of the factors that contribute to news story-telling. Things like, immediacy has become irrelevant (to a somewhat large extent). This is because as soon as news is broken by a citizen, social media and the WWW all con tribute to help deliver this piece to as many audiences as possible and it generally comes across really fast. Audiences don't have to look for news, news will be given to them like that.
9) How would you update them for 2016? Choose SIX of Galtung and Ruge's news values and say how each one has been affected by the growth of new and digital technology.
Immediacy- news no longer creates the sense of 'need' amongst audience member. The internet has taken that immediate need away, and whenever there is a news story to be consumed, it will find its way to the audience.
Unambiguity- citizen journalism has created the sense of 'the unknown'. We don't quite understand what's going on and why we are being shown this, it is a story that is kept (often) behind closed doors and creates a sense of anonymous[sy].
Balance- Often when a news story is to be told, their is a twist and a turn to which and how the story is told. It isn't the original core story and therefore has been mediated to a large extent. Now, thanks to the internet, we have the audiences to argue this change. They may know the bitter truth that audiences are hiding through their titles, their wording or even their views. The digital era has opened to doors for the audiences to fight back and they are no longer passive.
Unambiguity- citizen journalism has created the sense of 'the unknown'. We don't quite understand what's going on and why we are being shown this, it is a story that is kept (often) behind closed doors and creates a sense of anonymous[sy].
Balance- Often when a news story is to be told, their is a twist and a turn to which and how the story is told. It isn't the original core story and therefore has been mediated to a large extent. Now, thanks to the internet, we have the audiences to argue this change. They may know the bitter truth that audiences are hiding through their titles, their wording or even their views. The digital era has opened to doors for the audiences to fight back and they are no longer passive.
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